{"id":6275,"date":"2020-08-14T14:07:02","date_gmt":"2020-08-14T14:07:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.adfaber.org\/?p=166"},"modified":"2020-08-14T14:07:02","modified_gmt":"2020-08-14T14:07:02","slug":"cele-mai-importante-femei-in-istoria-tehnologiei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adfaber.org\/en\/cele-mai-importante-femei-in-istoria-tehnologiei\/","title":{"rendered":"Cele mai importante femei \u00een istoria tehnologiei"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u00centr-o societate dominat\u0103 de b\u0103rba\u021bi<\/strong>, \u00een care rolul femeilor nu era at\u00e2t de semnificant \u00een domeniul tehnologiei, c\u00e2teva reprezentante ale sexului frumos au ales s\u0103 ignore normele \u0219i s\u0103 fac\u0103 istorie. Astfel, ele au devenit model pentru tinerele care vor s\u0103 aib\u0103 o carier\u0103 \u00een tehnologie. Nu mul\u021bi sunt cei care \u0219tiu c\u0103 bazele precursorului computerului au fost puse de o femeie sau c\u0103 internetul a fost dezvoltat cu ajutorul unei persoane de sex feminin. Istoria, \u00eens\u0101, le-a oferit acestor femei locul pe care \u00eel merit\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Primele femei programator<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cenc\u0103 de la \u00eenceputul secolului al 19-lea, femeile au \u00eenceput s\u0103 se remarce \u00een domeniul tehnologiei. Considerat\u0103 primul programator al tuturor timpurilor, Ada Lovelace este acea matematiciana \u0219i scriitoarea care a lucrat cu Charles Cabbage la motorul analitic. Scrierile ei care includ \u0219i o metod\u0103 de calcul a unor numere, sunt considerate ca fiind primul program de calculator. \u00cen 1842, visul ei era s\u0103 participe la construirea ma\u0219inii diferen\u021biale, \u00eens\u0103 proiectul a fost pus \u00een practic\u0103 abia \u00een 1991 de c\u0103tre Muzeul \u0218tiin\u021bific din Londra. Dup\u0103 aproximativ 50 de ani, a ap\u0103rut o alt\u0103 femeie care a f\u0103cut istorie \u00een domeniul informaticii. Grace Hopper, considerat\u0103, la fel ca Lovelace, ca fiind un pionier \u00een domeniul program\u0103rii, a lucrat la primul computer comercial din America. De asemenea, ea a inventat primul limbaj de procesare a datelor, FLOW-MATIC, care a condus la dezvoltarea COBOL, unul dintre primele limbaje de programare moderne. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 contribu\u021biile pe care le-a adus \u00een domeniul informaticii, Grace Hopper a fost \u0219i ofi\u021ber \u00een marina militar\u0103 a Statelor Unite ale Americii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/adfaber.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/Ada-Lovelace.png\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption>Ada Lovelace sursa: wikipedia.org<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Femeile \u0219i limbajele de programare<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mary Kenneth Keller este prima femeie care a ob\u021binut un doctorat \u00een informatic\u0103. Ea a reu\u0219it s\u0103 r\u0103zbat\u0103 \u00eentr-o lume dedicat\u0103 exclusiv b\u0103rba\u021bilor, fiind singura femeie care a lucrat la limbajul de programare BASIC \u00een cadrul Dartmouth College. Sora Keller credea cu t\u0103rie \u00een poten\u021bialul computerelor de a facilita accesul la informa\u021bie, precum \u0219i de a promova educa\u021bia. Considerat\u0103 a fi \u201dmama internetului\u201d, Radia Perlman este un model pentru toate femeile care vor s\u0103 lucreze \u00een domeniul informaticii. Ea a creat algoritmul care st\u0103 \u00een spatele spanning-tree protocol, funda\u021bia pe care se bazeaz\u0103 internetul. Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 acesta, Radia a adus mari contribu\u021bii \u00een alte zone de design de re\u021bea prin protocoalele pe care le-a dezvoltat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/blog.adfaber.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Kenneth-at-computer-237x300-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-167\"\/><figcaption>Mary Kenneth Keller Sursa: catholicarchives.bc.edu<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>O alt\u0103 femeie care a avut contribu\u021bii majore \u00een domeniul tehnologiei este Katherine Coleman Goble Johnson. Ea este un matematician contemporan care a lucrat pentru programe spa\u021biale \u0219i de aeronautic\u0103. Cea mai semnificativ\u0103 contribu\u021bie pentru explorarea spa\u021biului au fost calculele care au ajutat la sincronizarea proiectului Apollo Lunar Lander cu modulul de comand\u0101 care orbita \u00een jurul lunii. De asemenea, a calculat nenum\u0103rate traiectorii de lansare \u0219i de urgen\u021b\u0103 pentru proiectul Mercury. Poate s\u0101 par\u0103 greu pentru o femeie s\u0101 lucreze \u00een domeniul tehnologiei, dar cu mult\u0103 perseveren\u021b\u0103 \u0219i pasiune se poate ajunge la rezultate excelente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/adfaber.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/pngbase648a5a2af9ee474959.png\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption>Katherine Coleman Goble Johnson Sursa: albemarle.org<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00centr-o societate dominat\u0103 de b\u0103rba\u021bi, \u00een care rolul femeilor nu era at\u00e2t de semnificant \u00een domeniul tehnologiei, c\u00e2teva reprezentante ale sexului frumos au ales s\u0103 ignore normele \u0219i s\u0103 fac\u0103 istorie. Astfel, ele au devenit model pentru tinerele care vor s\u0103 aib\u0103 o carier\u0103 \u00een tehnologie. Nu mul\u021bi sunt cei care \u0219tiu c\u0103 bazele precursorului [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5930,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_eb_attr":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6275","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articole"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/adfaber.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6275","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/adfaber.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/adfaber.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adfaber.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adfaber.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6275"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/adfaber.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6275\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adfaber.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5930"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/adfaber.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6275"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adfaber.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6275"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/adfaber.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6275"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}